the learned

littĕrātus ( lītĕr-), a, um, adj. [littera], lettered, i. e.

Lit., marked with letters, branded:

ensiculus,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 112:

securicula,

id. ib. 115:

urna,

id. ib. 2, 5, 21:

laminae,

App. M. 3, p. 137, 7:

laciniae auro litteratae,

id. ib. 6, 174, 28:

servus,

a branded slave, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 49; cf.:

homunculi frontes litterati,

App. M. 9, p. 222, 30.—

Transf.

Learned, liberally educated:

Canius nec infacetus et satis litteratus,

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

et litteratus et disertus,

id. Brut. 21, 81; id. Mur. 7, 16:

servi,

id. Brut. 22, 87:

quibus ineptiis nec litteratior fit quisquam nec melior,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, 1.—Esp. of the learned expounders of the poets:

quem litteratissimum fuisse judico,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

appellatio grammaticorum Graecā consuetudine invaluit: sed initio litterati vocabantur,

Suet. Gram. 4.—

Of or belonging to learning, learned:

quid est enim dulcius otio litterato,

learned leisure, Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 105:

senectus,

id. Brut. 76, 265:

labor,

App. Mag. 4, p. 276, 8.—Hence, adv.: lit-tĕrātē.

With plain letters, in a clear hand:

rationes perscriptae scite et litterate,

Cic. Pis. 25, 61.—

Transf.

To the letter, literally:

litterate respondere,

Cic. Harusp. Resp. 8, 17.—

Learnedly, scientifically, elegantly, cleverly:

scriptorum veterum litterate peritus,

learnedly, critically skilled, Cic. Brut. 56, 205:

belle et litterate dicta,

clever sayings, id. de Or. 2, 62, 253.— Comp.:

litteratius Latine loqui,

Cic. Brut. 108, 28.

littĕrātus ( lītĕr-), a, um, adj. [littera], lettered, i. e.

Lit., marked with letters, branded:

ensiculus,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 112:

securicula,

id. ib. 115:

urna,

id. ib. 2, 5, 21:

laminae,

App. M. 3, p. 137, 7:

laciniae auro litteratae,

id. ib. 6, 174, 28:

servus,

a branded slave, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 49; cf.:

homunculi frontes litterati,

App. M. 9, p. 222, 30.—

Transf.

Learned, liberally educated:

Canius nec infacetus et satis litteratus,

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

et litteratus et disertus,

id. Brut. 21, 81; id. Mur. 7, 16:

servi,

id. Brut. 22, 87:

quibus ineptiis nec litteratior fit quisquam nec melior,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, 1.—Esp. of the learned expounders of the poets:

quem litteratissimum fuisse judico,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

appellatio grammaticorum Graecā consuetudine invaluit: sed initio litterati vocabantur,

Suet. Gram. 4.—

Of or belonging to learning, learned:

quid est enim dulcius otio litterato,

learned leisure, Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 105:

senectus,

id. Brut. 76, 265:

labor,

App. Mag. 4, p. 276, 8.—Hence, adv.: lit-tĕrātē.

With plain letters, in a clear hand:

rationes perscriptae scite et litterate,

Cic. Pis. 25, 61.—

Transf.

To the letter, literally:

litterate respondere,

Cic. Harusp. Resp. 8, 17.—

Learnedly, scientifically, elegantly, cleverly:

scriptorum veterum litterate peritus,

learnedly, critically skilled, Cic. Brut. 56, 205:

belle et litterate dicta,

clever sayings, id. de Or. 2, 62, 253.— Comp.:

litteratius Latine loqui,

Cic. Brut. 108, 28.

* * *

stŭdĭōsus, a, um, adj. [studium], eager, zealous, assiduous, anxious after any thing, fond or studious of any thing.

In gen.

With gen. (most freq.):

venandi aut pilae studiosi,

Cic. Lael. 20, 74:

nemorum caedisque ferinae,

Ov. M. 7, 675:

placendi,

id. A. A. 3, 423:

culinae aut Veneris,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

florum,

id. C. 3, 27, 29:

dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; Quint. 2, 13, 1:

eloquentiae,

id. 5, 10, 122:

summe omnium doctrinarum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

musices,

Quint. 1, 10, 12:

sapientiae,

id. 3, prooem. § 2;

12, 1, 19: sermonis,

id. 10, 1, 114:

juris,

occupied with, studious of, the law, Suet. Ner. 32.— Comp.:

ille restituendi mei quam retinendi studiosior,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 3.— Sup.:

munditiarum lautitiarumque studiosissimus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

aleae,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 1.—

With dat.:

nisi adulterio, studiosus rei nulli aliae,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206:

armorum quam conviviorum apparatibus studiosior,

Just. 9, 8, 4.—

With ad:

studiosiores ad opus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 7.—

With in:

in argento,

Petr. 52, 1.—

Absol.:

homo valde studiosus ac diligens,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 98:

putavi mihi suscipiendum laborem utilem studiosis,

id. Opt. Gen. 5, 13:

aliquid studioso animo inchoare,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 9.—

In partic.

Zealous for any one, i. e. partial, friendly, attached, devoted to him (class.; esp. freq. in Cic.): omnem omnibus studiosis ac fautoribus illius victoriae parrêsian eripui, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

mei studiosos habeo Dyrrhachinos,

id. ib. 3, 22, 4:

sui,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

nobilitatis,

id. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

studiosa Pectora,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 91.— Comp.:

studiosior alterius partis,

Suet. Tib. 11 med.:

te studiosiorem in me colendo fore,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 1.— Sup.:

hunc cum ejus studiosissimo Pammene,

Cic. Or. 30, 105:

existimationis meae studiosissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 117:

studiosissimum Platonis auditorem fuisse,

Tac. Or. 32.—

Devoted to study or learning, learned, studious (not anteAug.; in Cic. always with gen.: litterarum, doctrinarum, etc.; v. supra, I. a, and cf. studeo, II. B.):

quid studiosa cohors operum struit?

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 6:

ipse est studiosus, litteratus, etiam disertus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 26, 1:

juvenis studiosus alioquin,

Quint. 10, 3, 32.— Transf., of things:

studiosa disputatio,

a learned disputation, Quint. 11, 1, 70:

otium,

Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 11.— Plur. subst.: stŭdĭōsi, ōrum, m., studious men, the learned, students, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 13; Quint. 2, 10, 5; 10, 1, 45; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11; 4, 28, 2.—Also, sing.: Stŭdĭōsus, i, m., The Student, the title of a work of the elder Pliny, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, adv.: stŭ-dĭōsē, eagerly, zealously, anxiously, carefully, studiously (freq. and class.):

texentem telam studiose offendimus,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 44:

cum studiose pila luderet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

libenter studioseque audire,

id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39; cf. Tac. Or. 2:

aliquid studiose diligenterque curare,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, §

7: studiose discunt, diligenter docentur,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1:

aliquid investigare,

id. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

studiose cavendum est,

id. Lael. 26, 99.— Comp.:

ego cum antea studiose commendabam Marcilium, tum multo nunc studiosius, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 54; Quint. 3, 1, 15; 3, 6, 61; Ov. M. 5, 578; Nep. Ages. 3, 2; Col. 8, 11, 2; Just. 43, 3, 5 al.— Sup.:

aliquid studiosissime quaerere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15; id. Off. 3, 28, 101; Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; Suet. Calig. 54; id. Aug. 45.

stŭdĭōsus, a, um, adj. [studium], eager, zealous, assiduous, anxious after any thing, fond or studious of any thing.

In gen.

With gen. (most freq.):

venandi aut pilae studiosi,

Cic. Lael. 20, 74:

nemorum caedisque ferinae,

Ov. M. 7, 675:

placendi,

id. A. A. 3, 423:

culinae aut Veneris,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

florum,

id. C. 3, 27, 29:

dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; Quint. 2, 13, 1:

eloquentiae,

id. 5, 10, 122:

summe omnium doctrinarum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

musices,

Quint. 1, 10, 12:

sapientiae,

id. 3, prooem. § 2;

12, 1, 19: sermonis,

id. 10, 1, 114:

juris,

occupied with, studious of, the law, Suet. Ner. 32.— Comp.:

ille restituendi mei quam retinendi studiosior,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 3.— Sup.:

munditiarum lautitiarumque studiosissimus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

aleae,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 1.—

With dat.:

nisi adulterio, studiosus rei nulli aliae,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206:

armorum quam conviviorum apparatibus studiosior,

Just. 9, 8, 4.—

With ad:

studiosiores ad opus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 7.—

With in:

in argento,

Petr. 52, 1.—

Absol.:

homo valde studiosus ac diligens,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 98:

putavi mihi suscipiendum laborem utilem studiosis,

id. Opt. Gen. 5, 13:

aliquid studioso animo inchoare,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 9.—

In partic.

Zealous for any one, i. e. partial, friendly, attached, devoted to him (class.; esp. freq. in Cic.): omnem omnibus studiosis ac fautoribus illius victoriae parrêsian eripui, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

mei studiosos habeo Dyrrhachinos,

id. ib. 3, 22, 4:

sui,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

nobilitatis,

id. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

studiosa Pectora,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 91.— Comp.:

studiosior alterius partis,

Suet. Tib. 11 med.:

te studiosiorem in me colendo fore,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 1.— Sup.:

hunc cum ejus studiosissimo Pammene,

Cic. Or. 30, 105:

existimationis meae studiosissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 117:

studiosissimum Platonis auditorem fuisse,

Tac. Or. 32.—

Devoted to study or learning, learned, studious (not anteAug.; in Cic. always with gen.: litterarum, doctrinarum, etc.; v. supra, I. a, and cf. studeo, II. B.):

quid studiosa cohors operum struit?

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 6:

ipse est studiosus, litteratus, etiam disertus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 26, 1:

juvenis studiosus alioquin,

Quint. 10, 3, 32.— Transf., of things:

studiosa disputatio,

a learned disputation, Quint. 11, 1, 70:

otium,

Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 11.— Plur. subst.: stŭdĭōsi, ōrum, m., studious men, the learned, students, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 13; Quint. 2, 10, 5; 10, 1, 45; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11; 4, 28, 2.—Also, sing.: Stŭdĭōsus, i, m., The Student, the title of a work of the elder Pliny, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, adv.: stŭ-dĭōsē, eagerly, zealously, anxiously, carefully, studiously (freq. and class.):

texentem telam studiose offendimus,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 44:

cum studiose pila luderet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

libenter studioseque audire,

id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39; cf. Tac. Or. 2:

aliquid studiose diligenterque curare,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, §

7: studiose discunt, diligenter docentur,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1:

aliquid investigare,

id. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

studiose cavendum est,

id. Lael. 26, 99.— Comp.:

ego cum antea studiose commendabam Marcilium, tum multo nunc studiosius, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 54; Quint. 3, 1, 15; 3, 6, 61; Ov. M. 5, 578; Nep. Ages. 3, 2; Col. 8, 11, 2; Just. 43, 3, 5 al.— Sup.:

aliquid studiosissime quaerere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15; id. Off. 3, 28, 101; Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; Suet. Calig. 54; id. Aug. 45.

stŭdĭōsus, a, um, adj. [studium], eager, zealous, assiduous, anxious after any thing, fond or studious of any thing.

In gen.

With gen. (most freq.):

venandi aut pilae studiosi,

Cic. Lael. 20, 74:

nemorum caedisque ferinae,

Ov. M. 7, 675:

placendi,

id. A. A. 3, 423:

culinae aut Veneris,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

florum,

id. C. 3, 27, 29:

dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; Quint. 2, 13, 1:

eloquentiae,

id. 5, 10, 122:

summe omnium doctrinarum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

musices,

Quint. 1, 10, 12:

sapientiae,

id. 3, prooem. § 2;

12, 1, 19: sermonis,

id. 10, 1, 114:

juris,

occupied with, studious of, the law, Suet. Ner. 32.— Comp.:

ille restituendi mei quam retinendi studiosior,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 3.— Sup.:

munditiarum lautitiarumque studiosissimus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

aleae,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 1.—

With dat.:

nisi adulterio, studiosus rei nulli aliae,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206:

armorum quam conviviorum apparatibus studiosior,

Just. 9, 8, 4.—

With ad:

studiosiores ad opus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 7.—

With in:

in argento,

Petr. 52, 1.—

Absol.:

homo valde studiosus ac diligens,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 98:

putavi mihi suscipiendum laborem utilem studiosis,

id. Opt. Gen. 5, 13:

aliquid studioso animo inchoare,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 9.—

In partic.

Zealous for any one, i. e. partial, friendly, attached, devoted to him (class.; esp. freq. in Cic.): omnem omnibus studiosis ac fautoribus illius victoriae parrêsian eripui, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

mei studiosos habeo Dyrrhachinos,

id. ib. 3, 22, 4:

sui,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

nobilitatis,

id. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

studiosa Pectora,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 91.— Comp.:

studiosior alterius partis,

Suet. Tib. 11 med.:

te studiosiorem in me colendo fore,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 1.— Sup.:

hunc cum ejus studiosissimo Pammene,

Cic. Or. 30, 105:

existimationis meae studiosissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 117:

studiosissimum Platonis auditorem fuisse,

Tac. Or. 32.—

Devoted to study or learning, learned, studious (not anteAug.; in Cic. always with gen.: litterarum, doctrinarum, etc.; v. supra, I. a, and cf. studeo, II. B.):

quid studiosa cohors operum struit?

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 6:

ipse est studiosus, litteratus, etiam disertus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 26, 1:

juvenis studiosus alioquin,

Quint. 10, 3, 32.— Transf., of things:

studiosa disputatio,

a learned disputation, Quint. 11, 1, 70:

otium,

Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 11.— Plur. subst.: stŭdĭōsi, ōrum, m., studious men, the learned, students, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 13; Quint. 2, 10, 5; 10, 1, 45; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11; 4, 28, 2.—Also, sing.: Stŭdĭōsus, i, m., The Student, the title of a work of the elder Pliny, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, adv.: stŭ-dĭōsē, eagerly, zealously, anxiously, carefully, studiously (freq. and class.):

texentem telam studiose offendimus,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 44:

cum studiose pila luderet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

libenter studioseque audire,

id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39; cf. Tac. Or. 2:

aliquid studiose diligenterque curare,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, §

7: studiose discunt, diligenter docentur,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1:

aliquid investigare,

id. Rep. 1, 11, 17:

studiose cavendum est,

id. Lael. 26, 99.— Comp.:

ego cum antea studiose commendabam Marcilium, tum multo nunc studiosius, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 54; Quint. 3, 1, 15; 3, 6, 61; Ov. M. 5, 578; Nep. Ages. 3, 2; Col. 8, 11, 2; Just. 43, 3, 5 al.— Sup.:

aliquid studiosissime quaerere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15; id. Off. 3, 28, 101; Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; Suet. Calig. 54; id. Aug. 45.

quis-que, quaeque, quodque, and subst. quicque (quidque), pron. indef., whoever or whatever it be, each, every, every body, every one, every thing (prop. of more than two persons or things; cf.

uterque): non tute incommodam rem, ut quaeque est, in animum induces pati?

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 27;

ut in quo quisque artificio excelleret, is in suo genere Roscius diceretur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 130; id. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

tantum quisque laudat, quantum se posse sperat imitari,

id. Or. 7, 24:

quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,

id. Off. 1, 7, 21:

magni est judicis statuere, quid quemque cuique praestare oporteat,

id. ib. 3, 17, 70:

sibi quoque tendente, ut periculo prius evaderet,

Liv. 21, 33:

ut quaeque stellae in iis, finitimisque partibus sint quoque tempore,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89:

quamcumque rem a quoque cognorit,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 67:

scrobes ternorum pedum in quamque partem,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 167:

proximis quibusque correptis,

Flor. 1, 9:

prout quique monitione indigerent,

Suet. Aug. 89.—With gen.:

tuorum quisque necessariorum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 25:

quantulum enim summae curtabit quisque dierum, Si,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 124.—With comp.:

quo quisque est sollertior, hoc docet laboriosius,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 31:

quo majus quodque animal, eo, etc.,

Cels. 2, 18:

ut quique (pedes) sunt temporibus pleniores, hoc, etc.,

Quint. 9, 4, 83:

bonus liber melior est quisque, quo major,

Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 4.—With sup., to express universality (quisque is then placed after the sup.; class. with sing. and neutr. plur.; rare with plur. masc. and fem.): doctissimus quisque, every learned man, i. e. all the learned, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 77:

recentissima quaeque sunt correcta et emendata maxime,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

in omni arte optimum quidque rarissimum est,

id. Fin. 2, 25, 81:

asperrima quaeque ad laborem deposcimus,

Liv. 25, 6, 23; Suet. Caes. 44; Tac. A. 1, 24; Sen. Ep. 31, 1; Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 13:

summum quodque spectate, milites, decus,

Liv. 7, 32, 14; 23, 3, 14:

antiquissimum quodque tempus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 45:

gravissima quaeque grana serere,

Plin. 18, 8, 20, § 85.—With plur. masc. and fem.: optumi quique expetebant a me doctrinam sibi, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 76:

fortissimis quibusque amissis,

Just. 5, 6, 3; Lact. Epit. 51, 2:

multi mortales convenere... maxime proximi quique,

Liv. 1, 9, 8; cf.:

tot leges et proximae quaeque duriores,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75; id. Lael. 10, 34:

litterae longissimae quaeque,

id. Fam. 7, 33, 2; id. Att. 16, 11, 2.—

With ordinal numerals, to denote generality, universality (placed after the ordinal): vix decimus quisque est, qui ipsus se noverit,

scarcely one in ten, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 17:

tertio quoque verbo excitabatur,

at every other word, Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 34: quinto quoque anno, every fifth year, i. e. every four years, id. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:

quinto quoque palo,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169.—Rarely of time (days, years, etc.), without an ordinal numeral:

notentur, quae (ova) quoque die sint edita,

Col. 8, 5, 4:

annis quibusque,

every year, Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52.—With primus, the very first, the first possible:

primo quoque tempore,

as soon as possible, Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39:

primo quoque die,

at the earliest day, as soon as possible, id. ib. 8, 11, 33:

exercitui diem primam quamque dicere,

the earliest day possible, Liv. 42, 48:

primum quicque videamus,

the very first, Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7.— Quisque stands freq. in app. with plur. subst.:

ubi quisque vident, eunt obviam,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 2:

sibi quisque habeant, quod suom est,

id. Curc. 1, 3, 24:

decimus quisque ad supplicium lecti,

Liv. 2, 59:

octo delecti notissimus quisque,

id. 7, 19, 2:

(consules) in suas quisque provincias proficiscerentur,

id. 25, 12, 2; 1, 44, 1;

viri in vestibulo suarum quisque aedium stabant,

Curt. 4, 4, 14:

ultimi cum suis quisque ducibus,

id. 3, 3, 25; 5, 2, 6; 6, 11, 20.— Often in connection with se, suus (in good prose almost always placed after the pron., Zumpt, Gram. § 701; cf.

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 983): pro se quisque,

Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

pro se quisque ad populum loquebatur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68:

ut quanti quisque se ipse faciat, tanti fiat ab amicis,

id. Lael. 16, 56:

suam quisque homo rem meminit,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 5, 51:

cum suo cuique judicio sit utendum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

edixit, ut quod quisque a sacris haberet, id in suum quidque fanum referret,

id. ib. 3, 34, 84:

quo feret natura sua quemque,

id. Brut. 56, 204:

dicere quos cupio nomine quemque suo,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 64:

quisque suos patimur Manes,

Verg. A. 6, 743:

suum quisque flagitium aliis objectantes,

Tac. H. 2, 44:

quos Poenus in civitates quemque suas dimisit,

Liv. 21, 48, 2; cf. Just. 13, 6, 2; 33, 2, 8; Tac. A. 6, 37.—Quisque, of two, for uterque, each:

oscula quisque suae matri properata tulerunt,

Ov. F 2, 715:

duas civitates ex unā factas: suos cuique parti magistratus, suas leges esse,

Liv. 2, 44, 9; 2, 7, 1; 10, 12, 3; 27, 35, 3;

for utercumque: ut cujusque populi cives vicissent, etc.,

id. 1, 24, 3 (dub. al. cujus) — Quisque as fem. for quaeque, like quis (ante - class.):

omnes meretrices, ubi quisque habitant, invenit,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 107:

quo quisque pacto hic vitam vostrarum exigat,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 19.—

Transf., for quicunque, whosoever, every one who, all that (ante- and postclass.):

quemque videritis hominem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 5; id. As. 1, 3, 47; 2, 3, 24; Liv. 1, 24:

at tu, quisque doles, amice lector,

Sid. Ep. 4, 11 in carm.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

* * *

tīro, ōnis, m.; in milit. lang., a newly-levied soldier, a young soldier, recruit.

Lit.:

aetas tironum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38:

legio tironum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28; 3, 29; 3, 34; Auct. B. Afr. 31, 7; Suet. Tib. 42; id. Ner. 19; id. Vit. 15.— Trop.:

multaque tironi non patienda feret (opp. vetus miles),

Ov. A. A. 3, 566.—Esp., in appos. like an adj.:

tirones milites (opp. veterani),

Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 39:

miles, Auct. B. Afr. 16, 1: exercitus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 21, 39, 3; 21, 43, 14.—

Transf., in gen., a beginner, tiro in any thing:

nullā in re tiro ac rudis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218:

provinciae rudis et tiro,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

homo non aetate sed usu forensi atque exercitatione tiro,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

in scholis exercitati, tirones in foro,

Quint. 2, 10, 9: deductus in forum tiro, as a young man, after putting on the toga virilis, Suet. Ner. 7; Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 194; Ov. F. 3, 787:

tirones gladiatorum,

Suet. Caes. 26;

for which, adject.: tirones gladiatores, Auct. B. Afr. 71, 1.—Of animals: ut tironem (bovem) cum veterano adjungant,

Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.

Tīro, ōnis, m., a Roman proper name. So esp., M. Tullius Tiro, the learned freedman of Cicero, Cic. Fam. 16, 10; id. Att. 6, 7, 2; 9, 17, 2 (to him are addressed the letters id. Fam. 16, 3-10; 16, 12-15); Gell. 7, 3, 8; 13, 9, 1 sq.—Hence, Tīrōnĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Tiro:

liber,

Gell. 13, 20, 16:

Tironiana cura,

id. 1, 7, 1.

tīro, ōnis, m.; in milit. lang., a newly-levied soldier, a young soldier, recruit.

Lit.:

aetas tironum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38:

legio tironum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28; 3, 29; 3, 34; Auct. B. Afr. 31, 7; Suet. Tib. 42; id. Ner. 19; id. Vit. 15.— Trop.:

multaque tironi non patienda feret (opp. vetus miles),

Ov. A. A. 3, 566.—Esp., in appos. like an adj.:

tirones milites (opp. veterani),

Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 39:

miles, Auct. B. Afr. 16, 1: exercitus,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 21, 39, 3; 21, 43, 14.—

Transf., in gen., a beginner, tiro in any thing:

nullā in re tiro ac rudis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218:

provinciae rudis et tiro,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

homo non aetate sed usu forensi atque exercitatione tiro,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

in scholis exercitati, tirones in foro,

Quint. 2, 10, 9: deductus in forum tiro, as a young man, after putting on the toga virilis, Suet. Ner. 7; Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 194; Ov. F. 3, 787:

tirones gladiatorum,

Suet. Caes. 26;

for which, adject.: tirones gladiatores, Auct. B. Afr. 71, 1.—Of animals: ut tironem (bovem) cum veterano adjungant,

Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.

Tīro, ōnis, m., a Roman proper name. So esp., M. Tullius Tiro, the learned freedman of Cicero, Cic. Fam. 16, 10; id. Att. 6, 7, 2; 9, 17, 2 (to him are addressed the letters id. Fam. 16, 3-10; 16, 12-15); Gell. 7, 3, 8; 13, 9, 1 sq.—Hence, Tīrōnĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Tiro:

liber,

Gell. 13, 20, 16:

Tironiana cura,

id. 1, 7, 1.

schŏla ( scŏla), ae, f., = scholê (spare time, leisure; hence, in partic.),

Leisure given to learning, a learned conversation or debate, a disputation, lecture, dissertation, etc.:

in quam exercitationem (disputandi) ita nos studiose operam dedimus, ut jam etiam scholas Graecorum more habere auderemus... Itaque dierum quinque scholas, ut Graeci appellant, in totidem libros contuli,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7; 8:

separatim certae scholae sunt de exsilio, de interitu patriae, etc.... Haec Graeci in singulas scholas et in singulos libros dispertiunt,

id. ib. 3, 34, 81:

scholam aliquam explicare,

id. Fin. 2, 1, 1:

habes scholam Stoicam,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 5:

vertes te ad alteram scholam: disseres de triumpho,

id. Pis. 25, 60:

ubi sunt vestrae scholae,

id. ib. 27, 65; Quint. 3, 6, 59 Spald.—

Transf.

A place for learned conversation or instruction, a place of learning, a school (cf. ludus):

toto hoc de genere, de quaerendā, de collocandā pecuniā, commodius a quibusdam optimis viris ad Janum medium sedentibus quam ab ullis philosophis ullā in scholā disputatur,

Cic. Off. 2, 25, 90:

qui cum in scholā assedissent,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 1, 13, 56; Suet. Gram. 17; Quint. 3, 11. 26:

politus e scholā,

Cic. Pis. 25, 59:

e philosophorum scholis tales fere evadunt,

id. Or. 27, 95; Quint. 1, prooem. § 17;

12, 3, 12: rhetorum,

id. 12, 2, 23:

potiorem in scholis eruditionem esse quam domi,

id. 2, 3, 10; 5, 13, 45; so (opp. forum) id. 5, 13, 36:

ut ab Homero in scholis,

Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 2.—

A gallery where works of art were exhibited:

Octaviae scholae,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 29; cf. id. 35, 10, 3, § 114.—

Scholae bestiarum, a place where animals fight, an amphitheatre, Tert. Apol. 35.—

The disciples or followers of a teacher, a school, sect:

clamabunt omnia gymnasia atque omnes philosophorum scholae, sua haec esse omnia propria,

Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 56:

ejus (Isocratis) schola principes oratorum dedit,

Quint. 12, 10, 22; cf.:

Theodori schola,

id. 3, 11, 26:

scholae Asclepiadis,

Plin. 14, 7, 9, § 76:

dissederunt hae diu scholae,

id. 29, 1, 5, § 6:

Cassianae scholae princeps,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 8.—

In the time of the later emperors, a college or corporation of the army or of persons of the same profession: Schola Exceptorum, Chartulariorum, Singulariorum, etc., Cod. Th. 12, 20, 20; 12, 17, 2 et saep.; Cod. Just. 4, 65, 35; Amm. 14, 7, 12.—

The building of that corporation, Inscr. in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 66, p. 338.—

A place in a bathing-room where one waited before entering the bath, a waiting-place, Vitr. 5, 10 fin.

nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).

Lit.

Tempp. praes.:

cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:

(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,

id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:

id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:

ut noscere possis quidque,

Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:

EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:

nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,

Ov. M. 14, 153:

nec noscitur ulli,

by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:

noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,

by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—

Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:

si me novisti minus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:

Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?

id. Men. 2, 2, 20:

novi rem omnem,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:

qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,

Cic. Pis. 13, 30:

plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,

id. Lael. 21, 79:

quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,

id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:

si ego hos bene novi,

if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:

Lepidum pulchre noram,

Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:

si tuos digitos novi,

id. Att. 5, 21, 13:

res gestas de libris novisse,

to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:

nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),

Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:

ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—

To examine, consider:

ad res suas noscendas,

Liv. 10, 20:

imaginem,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:

quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,

Tac. A. 12, 60.—

Transf., in the tempp. praes.

In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:

nosce imaginem,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:

potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?

Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—

In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):

numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:

illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:

quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,

id. Att. 11, 7, 4:

atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,

id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—

Transf. in tempp. perf.

To be acquainted with, i. e. to practise, possess:

alia vitia non nosse,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § 9.—

In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—

(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:

non noverant Dominum,

Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:

Jesum novi, Paulum scio,

I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.

Lit.:

nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:

ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,

id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §

85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?

id. Mil. 28, 76:

noti atque insignes latrones,

id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:

habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

id. Or. 33, 118:

facere aliquid alicui notum,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,

id. Mur. 7, 16:

nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 19:

vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,

Cic. Sull. 26, 72:

nulli nota domus sua,

Juv. 1, 7.—

With gen. ( poet.):

notus in fratres animi paterni,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:

notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,

Sil. 17, 148.—

With subj.-clause:

notum est, cur, etc.,

Juv. 2, 58.—

With inf. ( poet.):

Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,

Sil. 12, 331.—

In partic.

Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:

de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,

Cic. Cael. 2, 3:

hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—

In a bad sense, notorious:

notissimi latronum duces,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:

integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:

Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,

Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:

moechorum notissimus,

Juv. 6, 42.—

Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39.

nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).

Lit.

Tempp. praes.:

cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:

(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,

id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:

id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:

ut noscere possis quidque,

Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:

EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:

nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,

Ov. M. 14, 153:

nec noscitur ulli,

by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:

noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,

by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—

Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:

si me novisti minus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:

Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?

id. Men. 2, 2, 20:

novi rem omnem,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:

qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,

Cic. Pis. 13, 30:

plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,

id. Lael. 21, 79:

quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,

id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:

si ego hos bene novi,

if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:

Lepidum pulchre noram,

Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:

si tuos digitos novi,

id. Att. 5, 21, 13:

res gestas de libris novisse,

to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:

nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),

Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:

ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—

To examine, consider:

ad res suas noscendas,

Liv. 10, 20:

imaginem,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:

quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,

Tac. A. 12, 60.—

Transf., in the tempp. praes.

In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:

nosce imaginem,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:

potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?

Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—

In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):

numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:

illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:

quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,

id. Att. 11, 7, 4:

atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,

id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—

Transf. in tempp. perf.

To be acquainted with, i. e. to practise, possess:

alia vitia non nosse,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § 9.—

In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—

(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:

non noverant Dominum,

Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:

Jesum novi, Paulum scio,

I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.

Lit.:

nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:

ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,

id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §

85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?

id. Mil. 28, 76:

noti atque insignes latrones,

id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:

habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

id. Or. 33, 118:

facere aliquid alicui notum,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,

id. Mur. 7, 16:

nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 19:

vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,

Cic. Sull. 26, 72:

nulli nota domus sua,

Juv. 1, 7.—

With gen. ( poet.):

notus in fratres animi paterni,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:

notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,

Sil. 17, 148.—

With subj.-clause:

notum est, cur, etc.,

Juv. 2, 58.—

With inf. ( poet.):

Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,

Sil. 12, 331.—

In partic.

Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:

de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,

Cic. Cael. 2, 3:

hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—

In a bad sense, notorious:

notissimi latronum duces,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:

integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:

Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,

Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:

moechorum notissimus,

Juv. 6, 42.—

Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

* * *

ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.

In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.

Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):

ex tua accepi manu pateram,

Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;

in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —

Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:

gremio,

Verg. A. 1, 685:

oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),

id. ib. 4, 531.—

In gen., very freq.,

as implying action, to take, to take possession of, to accept (Gr. dechesthai);

of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—

To take, accept:

hanc epistulam accipe a me,

take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:

persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,

Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:

condicionem pacis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,

after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:

divitias,

Nep. Epam. 4, 3:

aliquid a patre,

to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:

accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,

Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:

haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,

Verg. A. 3, 78:

Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,

id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:

Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,

Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:

magnifice volo summos viros accipere,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,

id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:

ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:

hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,

id. Men. 5, 1, 7:

indignis acceptus modis,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—

To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:

ictus,

id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:

pecuniam ob rem judicandam,

id. Verr. 1, 38:

luna lumen solis accipit,

id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:

acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,

Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

calamitatem,

ib. 1, 31:

detrimenta,

ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:

provinciam,

id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:

consulatum,

Suet. Aug. 10:

Galliam,

id. Caes. 22 al.

In partic.

To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,

To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:

carmen auribus,

Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:

voces,

Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):

si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:

quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,

Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:

urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—

To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:

haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:

et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,

Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—

With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:

quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,

the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:

in eam partem accipio,

id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:

non recte accipis,

you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:

quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,

Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:

accipio agnoscoque deos,

Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—

To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):

accipito hanc ad te litem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,

To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:

hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:

nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

calamitatem,

id. Off. 3, 26:

injuriam,

id. ib. 1, 11 al.—

To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:

Accipio,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:

accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,

id. ib. 1, 1, 52:

visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,

Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—

In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:

pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,

Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:

in acceptum referre alicui,

to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:

ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5:

omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,

ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —

In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:

adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,

Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;

hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?

Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:

plebi acceptus erat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13;

acceptus erat in oculis,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—

Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:

quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:

munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,

Nep. Hann. 7, 3:

quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:

rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,

Cic. Phil. 13, 50;

tempore accepto exaudivi,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur.